Involvement of digestive system in COVID-19: manifestations, pathology, management and challenges.

Su, Song, Shen, Jun, Zhu, Liangru, Qiu, Yun, He, Jin-Shen, Tan, Jin-Yu, Iacucci, Marietta, Ng, Siew C, Ghosh, Subrata, Mao, Ren and Liang, Jie (2020) Involvement of digestive system in COVID-19: manifestations, pathology, management and challenges. Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology, 13. p. 1756284820934626. ISSN 1756-283X.

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Abstract

The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has developed as a tremendous threat to global health. Although most COVID-19 patients present with respiratory symptoms, some present with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms like diarrhoea, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting and abdominal pain as the major complaints. These features may be attributable to the following facts: (a) COVID-19 is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and its receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was found to be highly expressed in GI epithelial cells, providing a prerequisite for SARS-CoV-2 infection; (b) SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA has been found in stool specimens of infected patients, and 20% of patients showed prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in faecal samples after the virus converting to negative in the respiratory system. These findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may be able to actively infect and replicate in the GI tract. Moreover, GI infection could be the first manifestation antedating respiratory symptoms; patients suffering only digestive symptoms but no respiratory symptoms as clinical manifestation have also been reported. Thus, the implications of digestive symptoms in patients with COVID-19 is of great importance. In this review, we summarise recent findings on the epidemiology of GI tract involvement, potential mechanisms of faecal-oral transmission, GI and liver manifestation, pathological/histological features in patients with COVID-19 and the diagnosis, management of patients with pre-existing GI and liver diseases as well as precautions for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection during GI endoscopy procedures.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	WI Digestive system. Gastroenterology
Divisions:	Planned IP Care > Gastroentrology
Related URLs:	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32595762...
Depositing User:	Mrs Caroline Tranter
Date Deposited:	10 Jul 2020 15:01
Last Modified:	10 Jul 2020 15:01
URI:	http://www.repository.uhblibrary.co.uk/id/eprint/3265

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